Hidden dangers of holding your pee: What you need to know about bladder health

Whether in the middle of an important meeting or stuck in traffic with no washroom in sight, people often hold in their pee longer than they should — without realising the impact it can have on their health.

While an occasional delay is harmless, this practice can lead to bladder and kidney complications if followed frequently.

“When you resist the urge to urinate, the bladder stretches beyond its natural capacity, weakening the muscles over time. This can result in incomplete emptying, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and even bladder dysfunction,” informs Dr Mangesh Patil, Head Minimal Invasive Urology and Endourology – Renal Sciences, Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital.

“In severe cases, prolonged holding can contribute to urinary incontinence or painful bladder syndrome. Additionally, individuals with underlying conditions like enlarged prostate or neurogenic bladder are at even greater risk,” he adds.

How does holding pee for long cause UTIs?

Urine retention can often lead to UTIs, which can cause pain and discomfort.

“When urine dwells in the bladder for extended durations, bacteria within the urine are provided an environment conducive to multiplication,” explains Dr P. Vamsi Krishna, Sr. Consultant & Head of Department Urology, CARE Hospitals, Hyderabad.

This heightens the chances of pathogens causing infections. Some symptoms or effects include frequent urge to urinate, burning sensation during urination, pain in the lower abdomen, and in some cases, fever and nausea.

Effect on kidneys

Kidney and bladder health are closely related. The kidneys filter the flood, removing waste and excess fluid from the body in the form of urine, which is them stored in the bladder. Chronic urine retention can put excess pressure on the kidneys, inducing renal harm. In severe cases, this can also potentially cause kidney damage.

Additionally, “In some individuals, especially those prone to kidney stones, holding urine frequently can contribute to stone formation due to the accumulation of minerals in concentrated urine,” Dr Krishna informs.

Maintaining bladder health

Experts recommend the following ways to maintain optimal bladder health:

• Heed bodily signals, emptying the bladder when the urge arises. Avoid habits that encourage retention of urine.
• Prioritise bathroom breaks
• Stay well-hydrated
• Practise good hygiene to prevent long-term complications